It is always better to be safe than sorry read more on lighting safety do’s and don’ts here. However, direct lightning strikes can have secondary effects that span for miles. Height, shape, and isolation of structures/objects are the dominate factors in determining where lightning will directly strike, though deaths from these strikes are rare. Humid air is often the culprit for this sort of behavior. As the charge travels down the tree, it jumps through the air to strike the person standing. Side flashes generally occur when the victim is within a foot or two of. In essence, the person acts as a short circuit for some of energy in the lightning discharge. A good example of this would be a tree being struck by lightning with a person standing close it. A side flash (also called a side splash) occurs when lightning strikes a taller object near the victim and a portion of the current jumps from taller object to the victim. When lighting strikes an object directly then jumps the air to strike another object, it is called a side flash. A memorable example from 2016 is when more than 300 reindeer in Norway where killed by ground charge from a nearby lightning strike. The current passes from the strike point, through the ground, and into that person or object. Ground current/step potential occurs when lightning strikes the ground near a person or object. Two of the most common indirect strike dangers include ground current, or step potential, and side flashes. Often overlooked are the dangers of indirect strikes. This type of lightning, called a direct strike, only accounts for 3-5% of all lightning related injuries. Most people see lightning danger as a bolt of electricity coming from the sky and directly striking a person or object.
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